DKA in Critical Care
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DKA in Critical Care
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Narrated by:
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Written by:
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What is DKA? – The triad of hyperglycaemia, ketonaemia, and metabolic acidosis (JBDS 2023 definitions).
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Pathophysiology explained – Insulin deficiency, ketone production, and why potassium is so tricky.
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Clinical features – Polyuria, dehydration, Kussmaul breathing, acetone breath, and red flags for deterioration.
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Investigations – Capillary ketones, blood gases, electrolytes, ECG, and screening for precipitants.
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Management (UK guidelines) – Fluids first, fixed-rate insulin infusion, careful potassium replacement, and always treat the trigger.
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Pitfalls – Starting insulin before fluids, forgetting potassium, dropping glucose too quickly, or missing the underlying cause.
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Case vignette – A young woman with type 1 diabetes presenting in DKA, walking through priorities and pitfalls in real time.
🔑 Key takeaways:
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DKA = fluids first, insulin second, potassium throughout.
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Monitor closely and stick to the JBDS 2023 UK protocol.
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Always identify and treat the precipitating cause.