In this episode of Kingdom Polemics, Aldo Leon sits down with Pastor James Baird (PCA) for a wide-ranging and candid discussion on Reformed political theology, the American founding, the spirituality of the church, and the ongoing debate surrounding Christian nationalism. Drawing deeply from the Westminster Standards, American Presbyterian history, and classic Protestant political thought, they explore what it actually means to say that "government must promote true religion"—and whether that claim is truly un-American.

This conversation engages contemporary critiques (including Kevin DeYoung's five questions), the PCA study committee on Christian Nationalism, and the historical record of early America. Throughout, Aldo and James challenge the assumption of neutrality in civil government and argue that classic Protestant political theology is far more robust—and far more American—than many assume.

Highlights & Key Discussion Points:

• Why James Baird wrote his book to "his former self" and how wrestling through objections shaped his convictions about civil government and true religion.

• The core thesis: government must promote true religion—and why this is not a departure from confessional Presbyterianism but a recovery of it.

• The myth of neutrality: Van Til, covenant theology, and the rejection of R2K frameworks that divide life into "neutral" and "religious" spheres.

• Was the American founding anti-Christian? A historical look at state establishments, blasphemy laws, Sabbath laws, and the role of the First Amendment.

• The distinction between the First Amendment (1791) and its 20th-century "incorporation" through Supreme Court decisions like Everson v. Board of Education.

• Can a nation act as a corporate moral person? Biblical, covenantal, and political arguments for national moral agency.

• The purpose of civil government according to the Westminster Confession of Faith and Reformed tradition: promoting piety, justice, and peace.

• What it actually means to "promote true religion"—and why affirming the principle does not require endorsing every imprudent policy proposal.

• The spirituality of the church: what it does and does not mean. Distinguishing between pastoral overreach and faithfully applying the moral law of God to all of life.

• American revisions of the Standards (1788) and whether they prohibit a tolerant Christian establishment (they do not).

• The PCA study committee on Christian Nationalism—mixed motivations, broad scope, and questions about focus and clarity.

• Pastoral reflections on young men drawn to ethnocentric ideologies, and why shepherding requires both clarity and care—not merely condemnation.

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And don't forget to check out Aldo Leon's book, Christ's Crown, Christianity, & The Civil Realm, which makes a compelling biblical case for the Reformed doctrine of the civil magistrate under Christ's mediatorial rule. Available now at Berith Press: https://www.berithpress.com/bookstore/p/christs-crown-christianity-the-civil-realm.