Can people become the best versions of themselves? And if so, what role should public education play in that journey?

In this episode of Public School Kids, Erika traces the surprising religious roots of America's public school system, exploring how the Second Great Awakening transformed the nation's understanding of human potential. As Americans increasingly embraced the belief that people were capable of growth, educators like Horace Mann argued that public schools should cultivate not only knowledge, but character. Education became a way to develop judgment, responsibility, integrity, and the habits necessary for democratic citizenship - a philosophy known as self-culture.

Erika is joined by former Montana Governor Marc Racicot, whose own public school education and lifelong faith shaped his understanding of leadership, accountability, and service. Together with historian Johann Neem and Montana's own Chrysti the Wordsmith, they explore why generations of Americans believed democracy depends not only on educated citizens, but on good citizens.

In this episode:

• How the Second Great Awakening changed Americans' understanding of human nature
• William Ellery Channing's idea of "self-culture" and its influence on public education
• Why Horace Mann believed schools should develop character as well as intellect
• Marc Racicot on integrity, accountability, the Golden Rule, and the responsibilities of citizenship
• Why the founders of the common school movement believed democracy requires moral formation, not just academic achievement

Featuring: Johann Neem, Marc Racicot, and Chrysti the Wordsmith.

Music Credits: Andrea Peterman

Additional Music: Special thanks to Keith McCutchen for his beautiful arrangement of Amazing Grace, and to the St. Olaf Choir for singing it in the only way they can.

Public School Kids is written, hosted, and produced by Erika Peterman.

Edited by Lacy Roberts. Sound design and mixing by Chapter Four Media, led by Sarah Gibble-Laska.