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BackTable ENT & Allergy

BackTable ENT & Allergy

Written by: BackTable
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The go-to podcast for otolaryngologists, allergists, and head and neck surgeons. Tune in every week for practical, physician-led conversations on common and complex clinical topics in allergy, immunology otolaryngology, rhinology, laryngology, otology, and head and neck surgery. Hear how experienced physicians approach real cases, and get practical advice from your peers in your field.All rights reserved Hygiene & Healthy Living Physical Illness & Disease
Episodes
  • EP. 277 Molecular Diagnostics for Thyroid Nodules with Dr. Erik Alexander

    EP. 277 Molecular Diagnostics for Thyroid Nodules with Dr. Erik Alexander
    Jun 9 2026
    For years, an indeterminate thyroid biopsy meant diagnostic surgery but molecular testing is now changing that reality entirely. On this episode of the BackTable ENT podcast, Dr. Ashley Agan interviews endocrinologist Dr. Erik Alexander about how molecular testing and a systematic, layered approach to thyroid nodule evaluation are reducing diagnostic surgeries and enabling more individualized patient care. --- Get the BackTable apphttps://www.backtable.com/app --- This podcast is supported by Veracytehttps://www.veracyte.com/ --- Timestamps 00:00 - Introduction02:48 - Incidence, Presentation, and Workup of Thyroid Nodules 06:26 - Hormonal Impact and Indications for FNA 10:49 - FNA workflow and Bethesda Categories 16:10 - Role of Molecular Testing for Indeterminate Nodules19:59 - Evolution of Molecular Testing and Afirma 23:51 - Basics of DNA based Testing and RNA based Testing 28:34 - Comparing DNA based and RNA Based Testing 32:10 - Utility of Molecular Testing and Sampling Techniques 35:55 - Cost Coverage and Practical Limits39:20 - Clinical Implications and Future Impact42:00 - Final Takeaways --- More about this episode Together they walk through the full evaluation pathway, including ultrasound risk stratification using the TI-RADS criteria, the role of TSH testing, and how FNA indications have shifted from biopsying every solid nodule to a more selective, risk-adapted approach. The discussion covers the Bethesda classification system and addresses why the one-third of patients landing in indeterminate categories (Bethesda III, IV, and V) have historically been the most challenging and most overtreated group. The conversation then explores molecular diagnostics as an additional layer of risk assessment, highlighting key differences between DNA-based mutation panels and RNA-based expression classifiers. Dr. Alexander also discusses practical considerations like insurance coverage, sampling technique, turnaround time, and the future potential of molecular testing to move beyond diagnosis toward individualized prognosis. --- Resources American College of Radiology: TI-Rads Guidelines https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/americancoldf5f-acrorgf92a-productioncb02-3650/media/ACR/Files/RADS/TI-RADS/TI-RADS-Assessment-Categories.pdf American Thyroid Association - Nodule Guidelineshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4739132/ Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Ctyopathology https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK278969/table/thyroid-nod-canc-eld.T.bethesda_system_f/ --- BackTable ENT & Allergy is the go-to podcast for otolaryngologists, allergists, and head and neck surgeons. Download the free BackTable app to get early access to new episodes, cases, and courses curated by physicians in your specialty. ► https://www.backtable.com/app
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    45 mins
  • Ep. 276 LPR vs. LPS: Key Differences & Diagnostic Techniques with Dr. Inna Husain

    Ep. 276 LPR vs. LPS: Key Differences & Diagnostic Techniques with Dr. Inna Husain
    Jun 2 2026
    Not all chronic cough, globus, or voice changes are due to reflux, so how do you distinguish laryngopharyngeal symptoms (LPS) from true laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD)? In this episode of the BackTable ENT & Allergy podcast, Dr. Ashley Agan interviews laryngologist Dr. Inna Husain about how nuanced diagnostic definitions and a careful clinical approach can improve patient outcomes and avoid both under- and overdiagnosis. Together, they discuss the differences between GERD and LPRD, review the importance of detailed patient histories, endoscopic findings, and the evolving role of biomarkers like pepsin. --- Get the BackTable apphttps://www.backtable.com/app --- Timestamps 00:00 - Introduction02:14 - LPS Versus LPR Basics06:34 - GERD Versus LPRD11:28 - Clinic Workup and Scoping18:02 - San Diego Consensus Debate24:14 - Testing Over Empiric PPIs31:45 - Managing Proven Reflux34:59 - Stroboscopy Before Surgery36:10 - Pepsin Therapies and Tests39:54 - What Counts as Abnormal Reflux44:24 - Tapering Off PPIs Safely50:12 - Long Term Plan and Dietitians55:39 - GLP One Drugs and Reflux57:34 - Menopause Rhinitis and Hormones01:00:09 - Final Pearl For ENTs --- More about this episode They outline contemporary workup strategies, including the San Diego Consensus on Bravo testing, 24-hour pH impedance, and alternatives for negative reflux testing. The conversation covers management strategies, from selective PPIs and lifestyle tailoring to emerging therapies and the impact of GLP-1 drugs, helping ENT specialists refine their approach to complex laryngopharyngeal complaints. --- Resources San Diego Consensus for LPS and LPRD:https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003482 Dr. Inna Husainhttps://innahusainmd.com/ --- BackTable ENT & Allergy is the go-to podcast for otolaryngologists, allergists, and head and neck surgeons. Download the free BackTable app to get early access to new episodes, cases, and courses curated by physicians in your specialty. ► https://www.backtable.com/app
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    1 hr and 4 mins
  • Ep. 275 Evaluation & Management of Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis in Adults with

    Ep. 275 Evaluation & Management of Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis in Adults with
    May 26 2026
    With such a wide range of presentations and severity, how do laryngologists approach the diagnosis and treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis? In this episode of the BackTable ENT and Allergy Podcast, Dr. Rebecca Howell, Laryngologist at the University of Cincinnati, joins Dr. Stephen Schoeff to discuss the evaluation and management of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. --- Get the BackTable apphttps://www.backtable.com/app --- Timestamps 00:00 - Introduction02:18 - Classic Symptoms of Vocal Fold Paralysis 04:15 - Etiology and Imaging Workup08:40 - Injection Timing and Materials23:20 - Permanent Options and Framework Surgery28:41 - Arytenoid Adduction Risks and When to Add Adduction30:56 - Awake Thyroplasty Technique compared to Sedation and OR Setup35:48 - Reinnervation and Bilateral Medialization Choices42:10 - Vocal Fold Long-term Injectables51:54 - Closing Remarks --- More about this episode Dr. Howell reviews the spectrum of patient presentations and common causes, including thoracic surgery, ACDF, thyroid surgery, intubation injuries, and idiopathic cases. She explains when to pursue imaging from brainstem to chest, how to set realistic recovery expectations, and the benefits of early intervention. The episode covers office-based injection augmentation, the pros and cons of injectable materials, and treatment durability, as well as risks like calcium hydroxylapatite. Long-term care options are discussed, including framework surgery, arytenoid adduction, bilateral approaches for vocal fold atrophy, reinnervation, and patient selection considerations. --- Resources Pathophysiology of Iatrogenic and idiopathic vocal fold paralysis may be distinct - Ted Mau: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31498451/ Vocal Fold augmentation with injectable calcium hydroxylapatite - Clark Rosen: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15331112/ Using High-Speed Videoendoscopy to Analyze Laryngeal closure parameters during normal swallow - Rebecca Howell: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39659169/ Arytenoid abduction for bilateral vocal fold immobility - Gayle Woodson: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22001662/ Laryngeal Reinnervation for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis - Randal Paniello : https://profiles.wustl.edu/en/publications/laryngeal-reinnervation-for-unilateral-vocal-fold-paralysis/ --- BackTable ENT & Allergy is the go-to podcast for otolaryngologists, allergists, and head and neck surgeons. Download the free BackTable app to get early access to new episodes, cases, and courses curated by physicians in your specialty. ► https://www.backtable.com/app
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    54 mins
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