In this episode of Discovery Matters, we explore the science, stigma, and innovation behind one of medicine’s most misunderstood hormones. We are joined by Shalin Shah, CEO of Marius Pharmaceuticals, to unpack why testosterone plays a foundational role in health for both men and women, how flawed studies and outdated perceptions shaped public opinion, and what it really takes to bring evidence‑based hormone therapies to patients. From regulation and innovation to patient outcomes, this conversation reframes testosterone as a core component of everyday health — not a cultural stereotype.

Oligonucleotides are moving beyond rare diseases—but scaling them is anything but simple. As therapies target larger patient populations, new synthesis technologies must stand up to real‑world manufacturing constraints, regulatory scrutiny, cost pressures and sustainability demands.

In this episode of Discovery Matters, industry experts explore what it really takes to make oligos at scale. From the limits of legacy synthesis methods to the promise - and risk - of data, automation and AI, they unpack why progress depends on mastering fundamentals before accelerating innovation.

The takeaway? The future of oligos isn’t just better science. It’s smarter, scalable and collaborative manufacturing—built to reliably deliver life‑changing medicines to patients.

Global health has hit a low tide, but the story doesn’t end there. In this episode, we revisit Dr. Jerome Kim of the International Vaccine Institute to explore funding cuts, shifting power, and how regions like Africa and Europe are stepping up to reshape vaccine security and pandemic preparedness.