Episodes

  • 23: The Architechture of Loneliness: How Roles Create Isolation

    23: The Architechture of Loneliness: How Roles Create Isolation
    Apr 25 2026
    Do you ever feel like you’re surrounded by people who make you despair at humanity? Have you been treated strangely for calling out obvious "shitheads," or felt a total lack of allies while everyone around you enables obnoxious behavior?In this final part of our series on narcissistic systems, Jordan Reyne dives into the "Outcomes"—the recognizable patterns of roles that these systems push us into to maintain their own stability. Whether it is a toxic workplace, a dysfunctional family, or a wider society, these systems don't just happen; they scale and repeat.In this episode, we explore:The Sorting Hat of Sick Systems: How you are shunted into roles like the Scapegoat (Tomek), the Golden Child (Jo), the Lost Child (Lola), or the Helper (Helga) to keep the machine running.The Myth of the "Bad Apple": Why psychology’s focus on individual pathologies often misses the "rotten tree"—the systemic structures that produce these behaviors.Workplace Mobbing & Institutional Scapegoating: The clinical-level damage caused when a system re-locates its problems into a single person to look "innocent".The "Gag Reflex" of Integrity: Why your "indigestion" or "nausea" regarding toxic behavior isn't a disorder—it’s a sign of resistance and internal integrity.The Faux Terminus: How to spot the linguistic "guards" and "stop signs" (like "it’s just human nature") designed to kill curiosity and protect the system's machinery.If you’ve been told you have "poor boundaries" or "lack agency" while trying to survive a toxic environment, this episode is a reminder: you aren't failing to understand the system; you are being crushed by one.This episode draws on a wide range of philosophical and sociological perspectives, including:Alice Miller & Murray Bowen: On the roles within narcissistic family systems.Christopher Lasch: The "Culture of Narcissism" on a societal scale.Jennifer Freyd: Institutional dynamics and betrayal.Louis Althusser: "Interpellation" and being "hailed" into roles.Pierre Bourdieu: "Habitus" and systemic power deposited in the body.Michel Foucault: Internalization of values.Heinz Leymann, Dieter Zapf & Ståle Einarsen: Research on workplace mobbing and bullying.Rene Girard: The societal function of the Scapegoat.Arlie Hochschild: Emotional labor.Hannah Arendt: The "banality of evil" and "thoughtlessness".Hegel: The Master-Slave dialectic.Zhuangzi: How we are expressions of the systems we live in.00:00 Do You Wonder Why Other People Enable Bad Behaviour? 02:07 Why the JoSh1the@ds of the World Are A Symptomof a Bigger Issue 02:21 Who JosProblem Is Not About Psychology 05:23 Our Template:Family Systems (Miller & Bowen)09:33 Alice Millerand Murray Bowen on Roles10:28 The Patterns of Values and Tactics That Help You IdentifySystem Dynamics14:16 Why Roles Are Not About Personality17:42 Why You Are Likely To Be “Hailed” Into These Roles(Christopher Lasch, Louis Althusser & Piere Bordeau)19:22 A Deep Dive into Roles in Adulthood 19:59 The Scapegoat (Heinz Leyman,Dieter Zapf, Rene Girard. R. D. Lang, StåleEinarsen)25:50 The LostChild (Dennis Organ, Denise Webb, John Bowlby, GiovanniLiotti)30:44 The Helper(Arlie Hochschild, BeborahKolb, Joyce Fletcher, &the Karpman Drama Triangle)36:21 The Hero/ Ideal Golden Child (PierreBourdieu, Donald Winnicott, EricGoffman)42:19 Trees and Apples are Connected (Zhuangzi).46:37 Why Our Human Imperfections Can Save Us47:45 The Exceptions Explained50:33 What NPD Actually Is: Total Systemic Identification#Loneliness #ToxicRelationships #WorkplaceBullying #NarcissisticAbuse #NarcissisticSystems #Scapegoat #MentalHealthAwareness #ToxicWorkplace #Philosophy #Sociology #Recovery #JordanReyne #TheLonelinessIndustry #InstitutionalBetrayalFeatured Thinkers & ConceptsHashtags
    Show More Show Less
    58 mins
  • 22. Feeling Manipulated? The Tactics Narcissistic Systems Use To Confuse You

    22. Feeling Manipulated? The Tactics Narcissistic Systems Use To Confuse You
    Apr 11 2026
    If your find yourself repeatedly feeling confused, ashamed, or like everything is somehow your fault — this episode is for you.This is Part II of a series on how to recognise a narcissistic system — whether that’s a toxic workplace, relationship, family, or even a wider social environment.Because narcissistic systems aren’t just about difficult individuals.They are about patterns that scale to whole systems.In Part I, we looked at the values narcissistic systems promote.In this episode, we look at the tactics they use to enforce them.Because in narcissistic systems, the values set the stage, and the tactics ensure you follow the script. From well-known crazy-making tactics like gaslighting, blame shifting and triangulation…to less obvious ones like moving the goalposts, intermittent reinforcement, and pathologising non-compliance, you will find out what’s going on, and why WHEN it’s going on, you aren’t the problem. Because tactics don’t just manipulate behaviour.They distort reality — and shift the cost of that distortion onto you.This episode will help you: • recognise the tactics narcissistic systems use • understand how they work • See how this scales to workplaces, social circles, institutions, industries and even whole societies • and most importantly, see why you are not the problem In this episode: • Blame shifting • Triangulation • Gaslighting • Stonewalling / withholding • Intermittent reinforcement • Moving the goalposts • Image repair / reputation control • Pathologising non-compliance • Scapegoating • Intimidation And a simple tool to recognise narcissistic systems!Related:👉 Part I (Values): • How to Spot a Narcissistic System: The Arc... 👉 Blog: https://www.thelonelinessindustry.net👉 Join the community (Discord via Patreon / YouTube): [link]Core Thinkers & Influences • Michel Foucault • R. D. Laing • Thomas Szasz • Sara Ahmed • René Girard • Alice Miller • Murray Bowen • Hannah Arendt Psychology & Relationship Research • John Gottman • Judith Herman • John Bowlby • Donald Winnicott • B. F. Skinner • Harry Harlow • Lundy Bancroft • Lenore Walker • George Simon • Patrick Carnes Social & Cultural Theory • Christopher Lasch • Alain Ehrenberg • Karen Horney • Byung-Chul Han • Karl Marx • Erving Goffman00:00 Are You Being Manipulated? How Narcissistic Systems Control You02:15 Values Meet Tactics in an Example07:50 A Quick Recap: The Mechanics of Narcissistic Systems09:00 Finally, to TACTICS 15:53 Why Insanity Is Not Always Individual16:45 How Tactics Show Up In Narcissistic Systems17:00 Blame Shifting20:22 Triangulation22:30 Gaslighting26:49 Stonewalling & Withholding30:21 Intermittent Reinforcement32:49 Moving the Goalposts35:54 Image Repair & Reputation Control38:02 Pathologising Non-Compliance43:15 Scapegoating47:15 Intimidation49:43 How Values & Tactics Work Together50:07 How To Spot The Tactics Of A Narcissistic System#philosophy#loneliness#lonelysociety#lonelyheart #philosophylecture #narcissisticsystems #narcissism#toxicworkplace #toxictactics #gaslighting #blameshifting#triangulation #covertcontrol #movinggoalposts#pathologisingdifference #pathologizingdifference #narcissisticboss#narcissisticfamily #johngottman #psychology #sicksystem
    Show More Show Less
    54 mins
  • 21: How to Spot a Narcissistic System: The Architecture of Loneliness (pt1)

    21: How to Spot a Narcissistic System: The Architecture of Loneliness (pt1)
    Apr 3 2026
    Why is it that when we feel depressed, we’re told to check whether we’re surrounded by the wrong people —but when we feel lonely, we assume there’s something wrong with us?Why don’t we ask about the system we’re in?Because what if loneliness isn’t a personal failure —but the result of being inside a structure that produces it?This is exactly the shift Christopher Lasch forces us to make. Instead of asking whether we’re dealing with difficult individuals, he asks a broader question: can narcissism organise entire systems?Because if it can, then what you’re experiencing isn’t random. It’s structured.It shapes how reality is interpreted, how responsibility is distributed, who gets to belong — and who gets cast out or isolated.In this episode, we break down narcissistic systems as patterns — not personalities. These systems have been widely observed, and they operate across every level: from the family, to workplaces and institutions, to society as a whole.This is a three-part series exploring the core pillars of narcissistic systems:values, the tactics used to enforce them, and the roles that emerge as a result. Along the way, you’ll get simple tools to help you recognise these patterns in your own environment.Part 1 focuses on values — including radical individual responsibility, competition, image management, emotional control, and conditional belonging — and how they combine to produce isolation, self-doubt, and confusion in the people inside them.Recognising the pattern is what allows you to see what’s happening — and begin to step out of it.Thinkers & Works Referenced • Christopher Lasch — The Culture of Narcissism • Murray Bowen — Family Systems Theory • Salvador Minuchin — Families and Family Therapy • Alice Miller — The Drama of the Gifted Child • Jennifer Freyd — Betrayal Trauma Theory • René Girard — Violence and the Sacred • Michel Foucault — Discipline and Punish • Judith Butler — Gender Trouble • Sara Ahmed — The Promise of Happiness • Pierre Bourdieu — Distinction • Antonio Gramsci — Cultural Hegemony • Karl Marx — Capital • Mark Fisher — Capitalist Realism • Erving Goffman — The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life#philosophy#loneliness#lonelysociety#lonelyheart #philosophylecture #narcissisticsystems #narcissism#toxicworkplace #toxictactics #gaslighting #selfimprovement#competition #covertcontrol #individualism#pathologisingdifference #pathologizingdifference #narcissisticboss#narcissisticfamily #michelfoucault #psychology #sicksystem #christopherlasch #sarahahmed00:00 How Narcissistic Systems Link to Loneliness00:44 What This Episode Teaches: How to Recognise a Narcissistic System00:57 The Difference Between Values & Tactics in Narcissistic Systems02:22 Outline of the Three-Part Structure: What to Expect03:04 What Is a Narcissistic System? (As Opposed to Narcissistic People)05:07 Narcissistic Systems — A Fractal Pattern07:48 How Values Work Together in Narcissistic Systems09:01 The Values That Work Together in Narcissistic Systems09:49 Radical Individual Responsibility (Lasch, Bowen, Miller, Freyd & Foucault)12:43 A Note on Covert vs Overt Value Reinforcement18:18 Competition as Natural Order (Gramsci, Bowen & Bourdieu)23:47 Image Management (Lasch, Goffman & Freyd)27:27 Self-Regulation / Control of the Self (Miller, Ahmed & Foucault)31:31 Conditional Belonging (Alice Miller & Judith Butler)33:51 Being of Use in Narcissistic Systems (Marx & Bourdieu)36:31 A Simple Tool for Spotting Narcissistic Values
    Show More Show Less
    41 mins
  • 20: Weaponised Positivity: Why "Positive" Friends Are Just Unpaid Prison Guards

    20: Weaponised Positivity: Why "Positive" Friends Are Just Unpaid Prison Guards
    Feb 20 2026
    Have you ever been ghosted or "fired" by a friend becauseyour grief was "too heavy" for their "capacity"?In this episode of The Loneliness Industry, we dive into thephilosophy of toxic positivity and explore why themodern obsession with "optimizing for the positive" isactually a weapon used to destroy the friendship bond.We aren't talking about abusive situations ; we are talking about therefusal to be inconvenienced by real human woes. With the help ofByung-Chul Han, Sara Ahmed, Antonio Gramsci, andJulia Kristeva, we examine how your "positive"friends have been recruited as the unpaid prison guards of a systemthat thrives on your loneliness. We look at the "Hazmatsuit" of boundaries , the theft of co-regulation and why NOTbeing a smiling gimboid is actually a form of moral resistanceagainst a sick society.Thinkers & Books Covered: • Byung-Chul Han – The Burnout Society: • Sara Ahmed – The Promise of Happiness • Antonio Gramsci – Prison Notebooks • Julia Kristeva – Powers of Horror • Emmanuel Levinas – Totality and Infinity • Simone Weil – Waiting for God: (Referencing her concept of 'Attention') • Ivan Illich – Medical Nemesis / Tools for Conviviality: Explains "disabling professions" and how the professionalization of basic needs (like emotional support) robs us of our "vernacular competence" to care for one another.#ToxicPositivity#Loneliness #Philosophy #lonelysociety#lonelyheart#SelfCareCritique #MentalHealthMatters#Friendship #TheLonelinessIndustry #GoodVibesOnly#WeaponizedPositivity #BurnoutSociety #ByungChulHan #SaraAhmed#CulturalHegemony #TherapySpeak #SocialControl • 00:00 Intro: The Weaponisation of Positivity • 01:52 The deliberate destruction of the friendship bond • 02:19 Disclaimer: This is about decent human beings in need, not abuse • 02:50 Today’s Roadmap: Philosophy, loneliness, and the "Good Vibes" trap • 05:07 Quiz: Are your friendships being destroyed by “Positivity”? • 07:19 Interpretation: Are you surrounded by optimized vending machines? • 09:50 Byung-Chul Han: Why we are too time-poor for real connection • 19:21 Sara Ahmed: Happiness as a form of social control • 19:38 About Sara Ahmed’s work on the "Promise of Happiness" • 21:17 The Affective Alien: When your grief is treated like a toxic leak • 24:51 A Dog’s Tale: Real Friendship vs. systemic "Feindship" • 31:41 Levinas and Weil: The infinite responsibility of staying • 32:05 The Theft of Co-Regulation: Our biology vs. the system • 33:55 The Campaign Against Co-Regulation: Why bonding is dangerous to power • 34:54 Why the Privatisation of Emotion is a systemic requirement • 36:56 Disabling our own innate ability to connect (Ivan Illich) • 38:44 Gramsci on Cultural Hegemony: The "Common Sense" of neglect • 42:39 The professionalisation of care: Shunting friends to the "experts" • 43:37 The Covert Nature of Hegemony: How the system mimics narcissistic power • 48:02 What the hell do we do about this mess? Reclaiming the commons • 48:38 Julia Kristeva: Choosing "The Abject" and the revolution of messy feelings
    Show More Show Less
    51 mins
  • 19: Why Decent People Still Fail At Connecting

    19: Why Decent People Still Fail At Connecting
    Jan 16 2026

    Do you ever wonder why it seems so hard to connect despite making every effort? In this episode of The Loneliness Industry, we move beyond individual blame to look at the philosophy of loneliness and the structural conditions that keep us apart.Using a cultural critique of Western values, we explore Slavoj Žižek’s concept of "Decaf Love"—connection stripped of its "dangerous" core and the risk of real change. We introduce two characters, Charlie and Alex, to illustrate the friction between seeking a "frictionless," safe existence and the insistence on the "caffeinated" depth that makes us truly human.In this episode, we discuss:The Philosophy of Love: Why thinkers argue that real connection requires a "rupture" of the self.The Societal Panopticon: How narcissistic systems use covert power to get us to self-monitor, turning ourselves into "vending machines" of prescribed behaviors.The "Jo Sh*thead" Red Herring: Why focusing on "toxic individuals" can be a distraction from the systemic machinery that benefits from our isolation.How to Connect: Why the way out of loneliness isn't more self-curation, but rather embracing the "permeability" that allows us to be moved and changed by others.Thinkers Referenced in this Episode:Slavoj Žižek: For the theory of "Decaf Love" and the command to enjoy safely.Judith Butler: On love as "dispossession" and the necessity of being "undone" by anotherAlain Badiou: On love as a "Rupture" and a violent break from the "Individualist Independence".Michel Foucault: For the mechanics of covert power, the "Social Panopticon," and the pathologization of behavior.Christopher Lasch: On the narcissistic values of modern society and the "self as hero" narrative.Donna Haraway: On the myth of the "boundaried self" and the importance of permeability.Gabor Maté: Regarding the way society labels a failure to follow its rules as "pathology".Jiddu Krishnamurti: On the idea of a "sick society".00:00 Introduction – Decent People and Loneliness 05:02 Meet Charlie: Our Decaf Love Seeker 06:45 Žižek on "Decaf Love" 13:15 Alex: The Caffeinated Love Seeker 15:21 Field Examples: Why Good People Fail to Connect 22:30 The Mechanism Behind Our Loneliness 26:30 Issues with Žižek (The Philosopher vs. The Dog) 29:45 The Crucible for Isolation: Societal Values and Tactics 30:45 The Mechanics of Narcissistic Systems 38:09 Decent Human Beings in a Narcissistic System 43:40 Why Jo Sh*thead Is Not the Real Problem 46:05 The Downfall of Jo You-Know-Who 49:35 How Jo’s Fall is Weaponized Against Charlie and Alex 52:42 How to ACTUALLY Connect#philosophy #loneliness #culturalcritique #philosophyoflove #Zizek #JudithButler #mentalhealth #sociology #TheLonelinessIndustry #socialanalysis
    Show More Show Less
    57 mins
  • 18: Not So Well Adjusted To A Sick Society?

    18: Not So Well Adjusted To A Sick Society?
    Jan 2 2026

    If you've ever left a professional support session feeling more isolated than when you arrived, it’s worth asking if the focus was on your "healing" or your "adjustment." In Part 2 of this series, The Loneliness Industry explores the sociological concept of the Scapegoat Mechanism—a group dynamic often used to manage individuals who struggle to fit into modern societal structures.Using the work of René Girard, Jiddu Krishnamurti, and Michel Foucault, we examine why reflective and empathetic individuals are often the ones who carry the collective weight of societal tension. This episode is an analysis of the process that can internalize systemic friction as personal failure.


    Inside the Episode:

    - The Krishnamurti Pivot: Why struggling to adapt can be a sign of systemic awareness.

    - The 4-Point Audit: A perspective-shift to help you re-evaluate your self-perception.- The Selection Process: How groups identify individuals to carry collective responsibility.

    - Mimetic Desire: Using René Girard to explain the "common enemy" dynamic in social cohesion.


    00:00 Introduction01:56 The Krishnamurti Story: Truth Is a Pathless Land

    02:45 Visuals – Theosophists Graphic

    04:34 Why Failing to Adjust Can Be a Sign of Health

    08:46 Quiz – The 4-Point Decent Person Test

    12:06 The Scapegoat Selection Process

    21:33 What Is Scapegoating?

    26:36 Girard on Societal Scapegoating

    28:43 The DSM & the Codification of Scapegoating

    30:18 Girard and Mimetic Desire

    34:48 What Unifies Human Societies

    38:25 Problems Chihuahuas Have Unearthed Regarding Mimetic Desire

    41:39 Scapegoating as a Tool for Social Order

    44:51 The DSM as Institutionalised Scapegoating


    If you scored 4/4 on the Decent Person test, it would be a pleasure to meet you! Feel free to share your thoughts in the comments.


    The Works Referenced: • Gabor Maté – The Myth of Normal • René Girard – The Scapegoat & Violence and the Sacred • Jiddu Krishnamurti – The First and Last Freedom • Michel Foucault – Madness and Civilization • Christopher Lasch – The Culture of Narcissism • Sara Ahmed – The Cultural Politics of Emotion • Thomas Szasz – The Myth of Mental IllnessDon’t Miss Episodes – Even Though The Algorithm Wants You To:Join the mailing list at https://thelonelinessindustry.net#TheLonelinessIndustry


    #ReneGirard #Philosophy #Sociology #Krishnamurti #TheMythOfNormal#loneliness #lonelysociety #pathologisingdifference #mentalhealth#mentalillness #dealingwithdepression #whyamilikethis? #toxicpositivity #sicksociety

    Show More Show Less
    52 mins
  • 17: What If Therapy Is Training You To Obey, Not Heal?

    17: What If Therapy Is Training You To Obey, Not Heal?
    Dec 5 2025

    What if therapy isn't healing you — but training you to comply?This episode of the Loneliness Industry dismantles the hidden power structures operating inside modern therapy, showing how supposedly neutral mental health practices can mirror narcissism and even narcissistic abuse. Instead of validating your lived experience, therapy often reframes structural suffering as personal pathology — turning perfectly sane reactions into signs of disorder.Drawing on thinkers like Michel Foucault, Christopher Lasch, and René Girard, public philosopher Jordan Reyne exposes how psychological institutions use gaslighting tactics to invalidate reality, demand compliance, and ultimately produce self-doubt. You’ll learn how CBT operates as a behaviour correction tool within capitalism, how the DSM functions as a cultural scapegoat machine, and why your distress may be a rational response to a sick society — not evidence that you are broken.By the end, you’ll have a diagnostic toolkit for spotting when therapy becomes compliance training, and three questions that prove you're fundamentally OK — no institutional fixing required.If you’ve ever walked out of therapy feeling like YOU are the problem for noticing the problem, this episode shows why: it was never about healing — it was about conformity.CHAPTERS / TIMESTAMPS 00:00 What If Therapy Is Making You Feel Worse?00:30 A Case Study: Therapeutic Gaslighting05:53 Section I – The Therapy-Speak Travel Guide (and What It Really Means)11:01 Manufacturing Compliance: How Therapy Trains You to Self-Correct16:00 Weaponised Boundaries: When Mental Health Language Protects Abuse18:35 Marking the Scapegoat: Turning Sane Reactions Into “Pathology”21:03 How Therapy Became Compliance Training22:48 What Real Healing Actually Requires (According to Research)23:28 Why Society Can’t Support the Conditions Necessary for Healing25:34 How Western Capitalism Outsources Blame to the Individual27:08 The Hero Narrative: The Seductive Social Control Mechanism33:02 The Narcissistic Cycle: How the Hero Becomes the Scapegoat35:57 How Therapy Became a Mechanism of Social and Psychological Control41:16 Why CBT Is the Gold Standard of Compliance Training45:11 How Therapy Creates Power Imbalances and Authority Over Your Reality48:44 Power’s Recruitment Process: Who Gets to Define “Healthy”Theme music "The Annihilation Sequence" by Jordan ReyneAvailable on Bandcamp at http://jordanreyne.bandcamp.com
    Show More Show Less
    56 mins
  • 16: Your Body Was Never The Problem. Body Control Dogma Is

    16: Your Body Was Never The Problem. Body Control Dogma Is
    Nov 15 2025
    Why do so many of us feel uncomfortable in our own bodies — and why does it make us lonely? This episode looks at how modern body image culture, diet culture, and the wellness industry quietly shape our fears, routines, and relationships.Drawing on philosophy, sociology, psychology, and lived experience, I trace how body standards and appearance pressure turn into dogma: moral rules we absorb without ever choosing them. We break down how fitness culture, health trends, beauty standards, and wellness ideology create comparison, self-surveillance, and social isolation — and how those habits slowly separate us from each other.This isn't about individual willpower. It's about the cultural machinery that turns bodies into projects and belonging into a performance. If you've ever cancelled plans because of how you look, felt judged, or wondered why body image has become such a universal struggle, this episode examines the structural forces behind it — and why the body-control mindset now touches everyone.Episode exploring loneliness, power, knowledge, and how capitalism shapes our relationship with our bodies.🎯 Subscribe for bi-weekly inquiries into how capitalism shapes loneliness, identity, and belonging: / @thelonelinessindustrypodcast 🔗 RELATED EPISODES:[Add your links to related loneliness/capitalism episodes]📚 RESOURCES MENTIONED:Eat the Rules Podcast - Summer InnanenBeyond the Mirror - Jonny LandelsMen Unscripted - Aaron FloresThe Midlife Feast - Jenn Salib Huber💬 CONNECT:[Add your social media/website links]---⏱️ TIMESTAMPS:10:25 – Today's Journey: Three Parts on Body Standards and Loneliness11:58 – Part I: Philosophy - Power, Knowledge and Body Control21:32 – Dogma's Necessary Archetypes: Good Bodies vs Bad Bodies25:02 – Case Study: L'Oréal and Beauty Standards27:18 – The Relationship Between Science and Dogma34:43 – Part II: Sociology - How We Police Each Other's Bodies36:30 – A Lived Example of Body Surveillance39:20 – In-Groups and Out-Groups: Divide and Conquer Through Body Standards44:29 – Where Sociology Meets Psychology48:50 – Capitalism's Favorite Mantra: It's All About ME51:13 – Part III: Psychology - The Internal Impact52:28 – My Personal Experience Internalizing Body Control Dogma57:48 – The Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model1:03:33 – What To Do To Get Out Of The Body Control Trap---🎓 THINKERS REFERENCED:Michel Foucault (power/knowledge, panopticon, truth regimes), Thomas Kuhn (paradigm theory), Christopher Lasch (culture of narcissism), René Girard (scapegoating mechanisms), Byung-Chul Han (achievement society), Hannah Arendt (enemy-making logic), Paul Hewitt & Gordon Flett (perfectionism research), Leon Festinger (cognitive dissonance), Karen Horney (idealized self-image), Dr. Stacy Sims (female physiology research), and more.
    Show More Show Less
    1 hr and 11 mins