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Within Reason

Within Reason

Written by: Alex J O'Connor
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For the curious. A philosophy podcast that sometimes flirts with other disciplines, Within Reason has featured guests including Richard Dawkins, Douglas Murray, William Lane Craig, Peter Singer, Konstantin Kisin, and Neil deGrasse Tyson.Alex J O'Connor Philosophy Social Sciences
Episodes
  • #137 Debunking Arguments for God - Graham Oppy
    Jan 4 2026

    Graham Oppy is Professor of Philosophy and Associate Dean of Research at Monash University. An Australian philosopher of religion, he is often considered one of the most thoughtful and important academic atheists in the world.

    Buy his book, Arguing About Gods, here.

    Timestamps:

    00:00 - Tour

    00:31 - The First Cause Argument

    14:14 - Can There be an Infinite Regress?

    30:46 - The Modal Fatalism Objection

    36:08 - The Kalam Cosmological Argument

    51:12 - The Fine Tuning Argument

    1:06:15 - The Multiverse

    1:10:01 - Are the Constants of the Universe Just Necessary?1:15:37 - Was the Hole Designed for the Puddle?

    1:20:20 - Anselm’s Ontological Argument

    1:33:59 - The Modal Ontological Argument

    1:38:23 - Closing

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    1 hr and 41 mins
  • #136 Why Did The World Get So Ugly? - Alain de Botton
    Dec 26 2025

    Get tickets for my UK tour here.

    Alain de Botton is the creator of The School of Life. A Swiss-born British author and public speaker, his books discuss various contemporary subjects and themes, emphasising philosophy's relevance to everyday life.

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    1 hr
  • #135 Christmas Isn't What You Think - John Nelson
    Dec 20 2025

    John Nelson earned a PhD in New Testament and Christian Origins from the University of Edinburgh in 2023. He writes for the Substack Behind the Gospels.

    His thesis is the first book-length study of Jesus' physical appearance in the Gospels. He runs a weekly Substack called "Behind the Gospels" which aims to make Biblical studies accessible to all.


    Timestamps:

    0:00 - Was Jesus Really Born on Christmas Day?
    2:51 - Are the Birth Narratives Attempts at History?
    6:34 - Where Was Jesus Actually Born?
    16:19 - Were the Birth Narratives Added Later?
    20:54 - Was Mary Really a Virgin?
    32:57 - Why Does Nobody Else Mention the Virgin Birth?
    37:39 - Was Jesus a Product of Adultery?
    42:22 - Was Jesus Born in a Manger?
    48:07 - Who Are the Magi?
    54:05 - Was the Star Really a Star?
    01:00:03 - Did Herod Really Order a Slaughter of Infants?
    01:06:26 - Is the Christmas Story Anti-Imperial?
    01:13:13 - Are Christmas Trees a Pagan Idol?
    01:16:12 - John’s Book and the Upcoming Tour

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    1 hr and 19 mins
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