Showing results for "Morality" in Philosophy

On the Genealogy of Morals: A Polemic is an 1887 work by the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. It consists of a preface and three interconnected essays that expand on concepts Nietzsche first raised in Beyond Good and Evil (1886). The three essays question and critique the value of our moral judgments based on a method whereby Nietzsche examines the origins and meanings of our different moral concepts.

Lucius Annaeus Seneca, known as Seneca the Younger (c. 4 BC - AD 65), is the author of On the Shortness of Life (c. 49 AD). In it, Seneca draws insight from different streams of ancient wisdom: Stoic, Epicurean, Platonic, Skeptic and Cynic, as he addresses some of the important questions humans face. Seneca encourages people to be mindful of time and to use it purposefully. He suggests awareness and acceptance as a remedy for many worries and wasteful dissipations.

David Hume (1711-1776) is perhaps best known for his ideas about cause and effect and his criticisms of religion, but he is rarely thought of as a philosopher with practical wisdom to offer. Yet Hume's philosophy is grounded in an honest assessment of nature - human nature in particular. The Great Guide is an engaging and eye-opening account of how Hume's thought should serve as the basis for a complete approach to life. Julian Baggini masterfully interweaves biography with intellectual history and philosophy to give us a complete vision of Hume's guide to life.

La globalización ha producido sensaciones de impotencia en millones de personas en Occidente. Ese sentimiento de indefensión genera resentimiento y un afán por buscar culpables. Se culpa a los inmigrantes. Se culpa a los musulmanes. Se culpa a otras razas. Se culpa a la élite cultural. Basándose en una combinación de ejemplos históricos y contemporáneos, Nussbaum desenreda en La monarquía del miedo toda esta maraña de sentimientos y nos proporciona así una hoja de ruta para que sepamos hacia dónde dirigir nuestros pasos a partir de aquí.

In the Nicomachean Ethics (so called after their first editor, Aristotle's son Nicomachus) Aristotle sets out to discover the good life for man: the life of happiness or eudaimonia. Happiness for Aristotle is the activity of the soul in accordance with virtue. Virtue is shown in the deliberate choice of actions as part of a worked-out plan of life, a plan which takes a middle course between excess and deficiency.

Peter Singer dirige nuestra atención a un movimiento nuevo en el que sus propias ideas han jugado un papel fundamental: el altruismo eficaz. El altruismo eficaz se construye sobre la idea, simple pero profunda, de que llevar una vida totalmente ética implica hacer «el máximo bien que puedas». Dicha vida requiere una visión práctica de las donaciones benéficas: si una organización pretende ser digna de nuestro apoyo, deberá ser capaz de demostrar que el bien que hará con nuestro dinero o tiempo será mayor que el de otras alternativas a nuestro alcance.

The left and right will always have strong policy disagreements, but constructive debate and negotiation are not possible when each side demonizes the other. In this book, social psychologist Ronnie Janoff-Bulman provides a new framework for understanding why and how we disagree. Janoff-Bulman asks listeners to consider the challenging possibility that both liberalism and conservatism are morally based and reflect genuine concern for the country. Understanding that our political differences are rooted in two natural forms of morality can help us begin to detoxify our politics.

En un texto lúcido y al alcance de todos los lectores, el controvertido filósofo Slavoj Žižek reflexiona sobre el progreso y propone una versión más cautelosa y realista de lo que implica avanzar como sociedad. Definir el "progreso" es reivindicar el futuro. Slavoj Žižek, uno de los pensadores más influyentes y controvertidos de la contemporaneidad, nos presenta una serie de reflexiones en las que interroga las visiones antagónicas que conforman los horizontes de la posibilidad humana para que nos planteemos cuestiones como ¿puede mejorar la situación actual, aunque nunca haya estado peor?

"This is the Way." In Star Wars and Philosophy Strikes Back, the Way wends through entirely new adventures in the Star Wars galaxy far, far away: not only the films of the Skywalker saga, but also Rebels, The Bad Batch, Rogue One, Solo, and The Mandalorian. Like the creators of these films and television series, the authors in this book harness the magical mix of humor, action, empathy, characterization, adventure, and fan service that constitutes Star Wars.

Magali Bessone est professeure de philosophie politique à l'université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, spécialiste des théories de la justice et des réparations. L'auteure propose dans ces trois leçons de philosophie politique de présenter les grands questionnements de cette discipline ainsi que ses principaux concepts.

On Inhumanity is bracing and vital listen in a world lurching towards authoritarian political regimes, resurgent white nationalism, refugee crises that breed nativist hostility, and fast-spreading racist rhetoric. The book will open your eyes to the pervasive dangers of dehumanization and the prejudices that can too easily take root within us, and resist them before they spread into the wider world.

According to philosopher Myisha Cherry, anger does not deserve its bad reputation. It is powerful, but its power can be a force for good. And not only is it something we don't have to discourage, but it's something we ought to cultivate actively. People fear anger because they paint it in broad strokes, but we can't dismiss all anger, especially not now. There is a form of anger that in fact is crucial in the anti-racist struggle today. This anti-racist anger, what Cherry calls "Lordean rage", can use its mighty force to challenge racism.

From nineteenth-century abolitionism to Black Lives Matter today, progressive social movements have been at the forefront of social change. Yet it is seldom recognized that such movements have not only engaged in political action but also posed crucial philosophical questions about the meaning of justice and about how the demands of justice can be met. Michele Moody-Adams argues that anyone who is concerned with the theory or the practice of justice—or both—must ask what can be learned from social movements.

Can we human beings agree on a set of values which will allow us to confront the numerous threats that we and our planet face? Or will we continue our disagreements, rivalries, and antipathies, even as we collectively approach what, in the not impossible extreme, might be extinction? To answer these questions, A. C. Grayling considers the three most pressing challenges facing the world: climate change, technology, and justice.

Activists from Henry David Thoreau and Mohandas Gandhi to the Movement for Black Lives have long recognized that there are times when, rather than having a duty to obey the law, we have a duty to disobey it. Taking seriously the history of this activism, A Duty to Resist wrestles with the problem of political obligation in real world societies that harbor injustice. Candice Delmas argues that the duty of justice, the principle of fairness, the Samaritan duty, and political association impose responsibility to resist under conditions of injustice.

For the last 20 years, John Corvino - widely known as the author of the weekly column "The Gay Moralist" - has traversed the country responding to moral and religious arguments against same-sex relationships. In this timely audiobook, he shares that experience - addressing the standard objections to homosexuality and offering insight into the culture wars more generally. Is homosexuality unnatural? Does the Bible condemn it? Are people born gay (and should it matter either way)? Corvino approaches such questions with precision, sensitivity, and good humor.

From the American Revolution to the end of World War II, the United States spent 19 years at war against other nations. But since1950, the total is 22 years and counting. On four occasions, U.S. presidents elected as "peace candidates" have gone on to lead the nation into ferocious armed conflicts. Repeatedly, wars deemed necessary when they began have been seen in retrospect as avoidable, and ill-advised. Americans profess to be a peace-loving people and one wary of "foreign entanglements". Yet we have been drawn into wars in distant lands from Vietnam to Afghanistan.

Conspiracy theories are as old as politics. But conspiracists today have introduced something new - conspiracy without theory. And the new conspiracism has moved from the fringes to the heart of government with the election of Donald Trump. In A Lot of People Are Saying, Russell Muirhead and Nancy Rosenblum reveal how the new conspiracism differs from classic conspiracy theory, why so few officials speak truth to conspiracy, and what needs to be done to resist it.

Uma filosofia politicamente incorreta é o novo título de Luiz Felipe Pondé para o Guia politicamente incorreto da filosofia, lançado em 2012. Com texto revisitado pelo autor e uma nova introdução, a obra questiona se o pensamento politicamente correto pode fazer mal. De acordo com Pondé, sim. “Antes de tudo, ele nos faz covardes. À medida que ele se torna uma ferramenta jurídica e de linchamento público nas redes sociais, ele começa a devastar a virtude da coragem, sem a qual ninguém diz, pensa ou faz nada que tenha valor a não ser aquilo que for ‘correto’.”

What moral values do human beings hold in common? As globalization draws us together economically, are our values converging or diverging? In particular, are human rights becoming a global ethic? These were the questions that led Michael Ignatieff to embark on a three-year, eight-nation journey in search of answers. The Ordinary Virtues presents Ignatieff's discoveries and his interpretation of what globalization - and resistance to it - is doing to our conscience and our moral understanding.