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Ve ne sarete accorti: il mondo è cambiato. Senza alcun preavviso. Gli uomini si depilano come modelle e le donne hanno schiene tatuate come i marinai. I cani vanno in giro con le scarpe, mentre il prof consulta lo smartphone con un paio di occhiali fluo. Sì, qualcosa è cambiato là fuori e, a furia di stropicciarsi gli occhi, si rischia lo strabismo (di Venere e pure di Marte). A chi rivolgersi dunque per chiedere spiegazioni? Allo chef a cinque stelle? Al tipo del meteo? All’industriale della scarpa? No di certo: alla grande filosofia occidentale, dalle origini a oggi.

Nel Quattrocento e nel Cinquecento, la "casa" in cui gli uomini abitavano diventò più grande e misteriosa. Si scoprì l'esistenza di un nuovo continente, l'America; e qualcuno intuì che la Terra non era il centro dell'Universo, ma un sassolino che volava in uno spazio i cui confini, se esistevano, non potevano che essere irraggiungibili. A questa dilatazione dello spazio si accompagnò una dilatazione del tempo: giacché l'Antichità, che non era mai stata dimenticata, cessò di essere il passato e diventò un modello vivo e vicino.

Siamo nel 1919. La prima guerra mondiale è finita da poco. "Il dottor Benjamin fugge dalla casa di suo padre, il luogotenente Wittgenstein commette un suicidio finanziario, il libero docente Heidegger perde la fede e monsieur Cassirer lavora sul tram alla propria illuminazione." Comincia un decennio di eccezionale creatività, che cambierà per sempre il corso delle idee in Europa e senza il quale alcuni pensieri non sarebbero mai stati pensati.

Der Einzelne im Spannungsfeld zwischen Individualität und Gesellschaft. Jeder Mensch ist zunächst einmal ein Einzelner. Das kann zur Belastung werden, aber auch den Ehrgeiz wecken, die eigene Individualität zu kultivieren. Zwischen diesen beiden Polen unserer Existenz hat es immer wieder eindrucksvolle Versuche gegeben, einzeln zu sein. Davon erzählt Rüdiger Safranski, beginnend bei Michel de Montaigne, über Rousseau, Diderot, Kierkegaard, Stirner und Thoreau bis zur existentialistischen Philosophie des 20. Jahrhunderts.

Hoy día, el exceso de información, de transparencia y de rendimiento nos ha conducido a un tiempo incapaz de callar ni de concluir ningún proceso, un tiempo que ya no exhala ningún aroma. Pero el pensamiento no es posible sin silencio.

Nietzsches einziger sprachphilosophischer Essay, geschrieben 1873, veröffentlich 1896, vorgetragen von Benjamin Lucas. 

Zur Geschichte der moralischen Empfindungen: Das zweite Hauptstück des ersten Bandes von Nietzsches philosophischer Schrift "Menschliches, Allzumenschliches".

Dialéctica erística: El arte de tener razón, es un pequeño tratado inconcluso escrito por el filósofo alemán Arthur Schopenhauer, basado principalmente en los Tópicos de Aristóteles. Fue publicado en 1864, póstumamente.

Hans Blumenberg (1920 - 1996) gilt als einer der größten Philosophen des 20. Jahrhunderts - und als exzellenter Stilist. Aus seinen Nachlasstexten 2019 von Rüdiger Zill herausgegeben, beschreibt Die nackte Wahrheit die Demokratisierung des göttlichen Privilegs der unbedingten Wahrheit im Laufe der Philosophiegeschichte.

The front cover of the second edition of Language, Truth and Logic carried this statement in capital letters: ‘THE CLASSIC TEXT WHICH FOUNDED LOGICAL POSITIVISM - AND MODERN BRITISH PHILOSOPHY.’ It was a bold statement, but the book, first published in 1936 when A. J. Ayer was just 25 and a...

Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous, or simply Three Dialogues, is a 1713 book on metaphysics and idealism by George Berkeley. The book was written as a response to the criticism of his work A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge. Berkeley faced opposition from many philosophers who held to the Platonic view. He argues that sensible qualities like color, sound, temperature and even shape are not inherent in matter, but are ascribed and understood by the mind.

Berkeley uses the Socratic mode of inquiry in "Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous" to question fundamental beliefs about knowledge and reality. These dialogues are between Hylas (whose name is derived from the ancient Greek word for matter) and Philonous, whose name means "lover of mind." The new physical sciences developed in the seventeenth century supported the materialism proposed by Thomas Hobbes and several other philosophers. This worldview proclaimed that all of reality consists of nothing but matter in motion, thus promoting atheism and ethical skepticism.

Das 19. Jahrhundert revolutioniert die Philosophie! Während aus der Industrialisierung die bürgerliche Gesellschaft hervorgeht, verlieren die Philosophen den Boden unter den Füßen. Vor allem die Naturwissenschaften fordern die Philosophie heraus und beanspruchen die alleinige Deutungshoheit über Wahrheit und Sinn. Denker wie Comte, Mill, Spencer, Mach und Peirce versuchen die Philosophie methodisch auf das Niveau der Physik und der Biologie zu bringen. Doch genau dagegen rührt sich Protest.

This Leibniz collection contains some of the philosopher’s most important works and ideas, spans three decades and illuminates the fascinating intellectual journey undertaken by him in his quest for truth. A prodigious polymath, Leibniz was a mathematician, philosopher, physicist and statesman...

Arthur Schopenhauer's The Art of Literature is a lively, illuminating and brutally honest collection of essays on literary style and values, writers and critics, and the nature of genius. Schopenhauer advises seclusion and independent thought, criticizes Pliny's reading habits, and explains the pitfalls of certain schools of thought and even virtues like modesty. His thought-provoking arguments, caustic wit, and accessible style make this a must for any aspiring writer.

Epistemic vices are character traits, attitudes, or thinking styles that prevent us from gaining, keeping, or sharing knowledge. In this book, Quassim Cassam gives an account of the nature and importance of these vices, which include closed-mindedness, intellectual arrogance, wishful thinking, and prejudice. In providing the first extensive coverage of vice epistemology, an exciting new area of philosophical research, Vices of the Mind uses real examples drawn primarily from the world of politics to develop a compelling theory of epistemic vice.

The New Atlantis (1627) is a utopian novel by Sir Francis Bacon in which he describes a vision of the future of human discovery, expressing his aspirations and ideals for humanity. The novel portrays a utopian world where "generosity and enlightenment, dignity and splendour, piety and public spirit" are the dominant qualities of the inhabitants.

Untimely Considerations contain four essays: 'David Strauss - Writer and Confessor'; 'On the Use and Abuse of History for Life'; 'Schopenhauer as Educator'; and 'Richard Wagner at Bayreuth'. The essays date from the early part of Nietzsche’s life when his Romantic view on life and art was...

Diderot est reconnu pour son érudition, son esprit critique et un certain génie. Il laisse son empreinte dans l'histoire de tous les genres littéraires auxquels il s'est essayé : il pose les bases du drame bourgeois au théâtre, révolutionne le roman avec "Jacques le fataliste et son maître", invente la critique à travers ses salons et supervise la rédaction d'un des ouvrages les plus marquants de son siècle, la célèbre "Encyclopédie".

Karl Marx, penseur révolutionnaire au sens propre. Ses travaux ont marqué l'Histoire et considérablement influencé le XXe siècle à travers le communisme. Sa pensée est toujours au cœur des luttes idéologiques contemporaines. Philosophe, il donne au prolétariat une doctrine, et érige la lutte des classes en système ; économiste, il analyse le capital et la marchandise ; politique, il fonde l'Internationale. Ces 100 citations vous familiariseront avec son œuvre, sa doctrine, et son style tranchant.