Showing results by author "Arthur Schopenhauer" in All Categories

Schopenhauer was just 30 when his magnum opus, Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung, a work of considerable learning and innovation of thought, first appeared in 1818.

Much to his chagrin and puzzlement (so convinced was he of its merits), it didn't have an immediate effect on European philosophy, views and culture. It was only decades later that it was recognised as one of the major intellectual landmarks of the 19th century.

'The two foes of human happiness are pain and boredom.' Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) was one of the most influential philosophers of the 19th century because his humanistic, atheistic, if pessimistic views chimed with a new secularism that was emerging from a Western society dominated by religion. Despite his rather forbidding image (and a few outdated views), he is one of the most approachable German philosophers, and this is certainly evident in these two key works, The Wisdom of Life and Counsels and Maxims.

The essays in The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics have a rather special place in Schopenhauer’s work, both being written as entries to Scandinavian philosophy competitions, one in Norway and one in Sweden.

There is a cause, or a reason, behind everything that happens. This is the fundamental view behind the classical proposition the Principle of Sufficient Reason, which, in 1813, Schopenhauer chose as his subject for further examination in his doctoral dissertation On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason....

"The Art of Controversy or The Art of Being Right" is an acidulous, sarcastic treatise written by the German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. In it, Schopenhauer examines a total of thirty-eight methods of showing up one's opponent in a debate. He introduces his essay with the idea that philosophers have concentrated in ample measure on the rules of logic, but have not engaged with the darker art of the dialectic, of controversy.

The original edition of The World as Will and Idea appeared in 1818, but in 1844 Schopenhauer published an expanded version. It contained the 'Criticism of the Kantian Philosophy', a lengthy document; and Supplements to the First Book ( The Doctrine of the Idea of Perception) and the Second Book ( The Doctrine of Perception or Knowledge of the Understanding).

Mit den Mädchen hat es die Natur auf Das, was man im dramaturgischen Sinne, einen Knalleffekt nennt, abgesehen, indem sie dieselben, auf wenige Jahre, mit überreichlicher Schönheit, Reiz und Fülle ausstattet, auf Kosten ihrer ganzen übrigen Lebenszeit, damit sie nämlich, während jener Jahre, der Phantasie eines Mannes sich in dem Maße bemächtigen könnten, dass er hingerissen wird, die Sorge für sie auf Zeit Lebens, in irgend einer Form, ehrlich zu übernehmen; zu welchem Schritte ihn zu vermögen, die bloße vernünftige Überlegung keine hinlänglich sichere Bürgschaft zu geben schien.

Мир как воля и представление—центральная работа немецкого философа Артура Шопенгауэра. Шопенгауэр утверждал, что назначение этой работы во всестороннем рассмотрении «единственной идеи». Он разработал свою философскую систему, состоящую из четырёх разделов: эпистемология, онтология, эстетика и этика.

The great figures of modern philosophy led generations to struggle with the most crucial of questions and break through a new understanding of conscience and existence. Nietzsche's work is radical, sometimes violent, often ironic; it fascinates anyone bold enough to delve into it, exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history, and covers a wide range of subjects. Immanuel Kant is one of the most important figures of German philosophy, said to have affected a Copernican revolution in philosophy.

In this final part to Schopenhauer's momentous and hugely influential work, his original and wide-ranging observations are as lively as ever. Though cast as a 'pessimist' by history, he is anything but that to read - and listen to. Here are the last supplementary comments his original work (published 1818), the fruit of decades of further reflection.

Schopenhauer: here's when great philosophy can be somber, pessimistic, even brutal, and still resonate with a sarcastic laugh. He was among the first to contend that the universe is essentially not a rational place; in his most famous work, "The World as Will and Representation", he argues that the individuals of a species do not have as much free will as is ordinarily thought, as the only Will that matters is that of the species, which is to reproduce and carry on. Schopenhauer is very well-known for his radical stance on women, aesthetics, and rhetoric; he is the author of "The Art of Being Right", a playful manual designed to utterly crush one's opponent in verbal battle, and of the "Metaphysics of the Love of the Sexes", a hilarious application of the theories developed in the "World as Will and Representation".

There are, in total, 31 Essays, 24 of which are presented here. The range of topics is very varied, opening with 'On Philosophy and Its Method' and including 'On Pantheism', 'On Ethics', 'On Jurisprudence', 'On Men of Learning', 'On Thinking for Oneself', 'On Religion' and 'The Vanity of Existence'.  Quite a few open windows on to the personality of Schopenhauer himself - for example, he praises dogs as companions, argues that animals should be chloroformed before slaughter: animal welfare was very much in his sights. 

Parerga means 'supplementary to a main work', and Paralipomena suggests a further supplement, but these two books were anything but a casual addition to his major opus, The World as Will and Idea. For a start, it was the publication of Parerga and Paralipomena in 1851 which brought Schopenhauer to the attention of the general public, decades after The World as Will and Idea first appeared.  

Wie gewinne ich ein Streitgespräch? Unter den deutschen Philosophen nimmt Arthur Schopenhauer (1788 - 1860) die Rolle eines Idealisten ein, der von Platon und Kant zu seiner eigenen Erkenntnistheorie fand. Wie man aus Streitgesprächen als Sieger hervorgeht, das ist das Kernthema des vorliegenden Werkes. Eristische Dialektik, das ist die Technik des Diskutierens, und mit seinen 38 rhetorischen Kunstgriffen, die Schopenhauer präsentiert, soll jede Debatte gewonnen werden können. Gefunden wurde das fertige Manuskript ohne Überschriften im Nachlass Schopenhauers.

Arthur Schopenhauer - Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung Band 2 – Die Ergänzungen zum ersten Buch. Mit ebenso großer Klarheit und Eleganz wie im 1. Band seines Hauptwerks setzt Arthur Schopenhauer nun auch im 2. Band von "Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung" seine pessimistisch-voluntaristische Metaphysik des Lebens fort, wobei er, direkt Bezug nehmend auf Paragrafen des 1. Bandes, zentrale Gedanken seiner Philosophie weiter vertieft und um mehr als nur perspektivische Facetten bereichert.

Arthur Schopenhauer (1788 - 1860) setzt sich in diesem Text mit einem Phänomen auseinander, das im später 18. und frühen 19. Jahrhundert europaweit die Gemüter erregte: die Geisterseherei. Die in dem superklugen, verflossenen Jahrhundert, allen früheren zum Trotz, überall nicht sowohl gebannten, als doch geächteten Gespenster sind, wie schon vorher die Magie, während dieser letzten 25 Jahre, in Deutschland rehabilitiert worden. Vielleicht nicht mit Unrecht.

Schopenhauer: aqui é quando a grande filosofia pode ser sombria, pessimista, até brutal, e ainda ressoar com um riso sarcástico. Foi dos primeiros a afirmar que o universo não é essencialmente um lugar racional; na sua obra mais famosa, O Mundo como Vontade e Representação, argumenta que os indivíduos de uma espécie não têm tanto livre arbítrio como é normalmente pensado, como a única Vontade que importa é a da espécie, que é reproduzir-se e continuar.

Familiarize-se com uma selecção dos filósofos mais importantes do século XIX: Schopenhauer, Nietszche, Kierkegaard, Emerson. Aprofundar os seus trabalhos e pensamentos com uma selecção das citações essenciais introduzindo as suas principais ideias e delineando com clareza a estrutura do seu trabalho.

Familiarize-se com as figuras essenciais da filosofia idealista, de Platão a Arthur Schopenhauer e Immanuel Kant. O seu trabalho moldou a totalidade da filosofia ocidental; aprofundar as suas obras e pensamentos com uma selecção das citações essenciais, introduzindo as suas principais ideias e delineando com clareza a estrutura do seu trabalho.

Familiarize-se com os filósofos mais importantes do século XIX através de uma cuidadosa selecção de 500 citações, introduzindo as suas principais ideias e delineando com clareza a estrutura do seu trabalho. Descubra novos aspectos ou aprofunde-se nos pensamentos de Henry-David Thoreau, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Nietzsche, Soren Kierkegaard, Ralph Waldo Emerson, para expandir a sua mente e conhecimento sobre a nossa cultura.